GM15009

GM15009 LCL from B-Lymphocyte

Description:

PARKINSON DISEASE,FAMILIAL, TYPE 1; PARK1
SYNUCLEIN, ALPHA; SNCA

Affected:

Yes

Sex:

Male

Age:

37 YR (At Sampling)

Overview

Repository

NIGMS Human Genetic Cell Repository

Subcollection

Heritable Diseases

Class

Disorders of the Nervous System

Biopsy Source

Peripheral vein

Cell Type

B-Lymphocyte

Tissue Type

Blood

Transformant

Epstein-Barr Virus

Sample Source

LCL from B-Lymphocyte

Race

White

Family Member

Relation to Proband

maternal first cousin

Confirmation

Clinical summary/Case history

Species

Homo sapiens

Common Name

Human

Remarks

Onset at age 24; severe bradykinesia; dopamine responsive; resting tremor; rigidity; unable to speak; fed through PEG tube; slow walk; needs assistance to stand; mother and maternal uncle and aunt were affected; affected cousins are GM15010 and GM15844; molecular characterization of this family found evidence consistent with whole gene triplication with the triplicated region containing an estimated 17 genes, including SNCA; carriers of the triplication are predicted to have 4 fully functional copies of SNCA, the increased dosage of SNCA suggested as the cause of PD in this family; this sample was formerly classified as PARK4 [605543]; this sample is also included in the NINDS Repository (ND00196) with additional family members

Characterizations

Gene

SNCA

Chromosomal Location

4q21

Allelic Variant 1

163890.0003; PARKINSON DISEASE, TYPE 1; PARK1

Identified Mutation

TRIPLICATION; By quantitative PCR amplification of SNCA exons in an individual with parkinsonism from a family reported by Waters and Miller [Ann. Neurol. 35: 59-64 (1994)], Singleton et al. [Science 302: 841 (2003)] found evidence consistent with whole gene triplication. The triplicated region contains an estimated 17 genes, including SNCA. Carriers of the triplication are predicted to have 4 fully functional copies of SNCA, with doubling of the effective load of the estimated 17 genes. The authors suggested that increased dosage of SNCA is the cause of PD in this family, and noted that the disease process may resemble the etiology of Alzheimer disease in Down syndrome (190685) with overexpression of the APP gene due to chromosome 21 trisomy.

Phenotypic Data

Remarks

Publications

Caviness JN, Gwinn-Hardy K, Adler CH, Muenter MD, Electrophysiological observations in hereditary parkinsonism-dementia with Lewy body pathology. Mov Disord15(1):140-5 2000

PubMed ID: 10634254

Gwinn-Hardy K, Mehta ND, Farrer M, Maraganore D, Muenter M, Yen SH, Hardy J, Dickson DW, Distinctive neuropathology revealed by alpha-synuclein antibodies in hereditary parkinsonism and dementia linked to chromosome 4p. Acta Neuropathol (Berl)99(6):663-72 2000

PubMed ID: 10867800

Farrer M, Gwinn-Hardy K, Muenter M, DeVrieze FW, Crook R, Perez-Tur J, Lincoln S, Maraganore D, Adler C, Newman S, MacElwee K, McCarthy P, Miller C, Waters C, Hardy J, A chromosome 4p haplotype segregating with Parkinson's disease and postural tremor. Hum Mol Genet8(1):81-5 1999

PubMed ID: 9887334

Gwinn-Hardy K, Evidente VG, Waters C, Muenter MD, Hardy J, L-dopa slows the progression of familial parkinsonism. Lancet353(9167):1850-1 1999

PubMed ID: 10359414

Muenter MD, Forno LS, Hornykiewicz O, Kish SJ, Maraganore DM, Caselli RJ, Okazaki H, Howard FM Jr, Snow BJ, Calne DB, Hereditary form of parkinsonism--dementia. Ann Neurol43(6):768-81 1998

PubMed ID: 9629847

Waters CH, Miller CA, Autosomal dominant Lewy body parkinsonism in a four-generation family. Ann Neurol35(1):59-64 1994

PubMed ID: 8285594